Introduction to the Control Principles of Electric Vehicle Motors (1) - Development of Electric Vehicle Drive Motors (2)

The types of motors used by different companies also vary, and the most commonly used motors include AC and DC motors. However, during the operation of a DC motor, the commutation of the brushes can cause arcing, which is not commonly used in the automotive industry. Several commonly used AC motors include:

01. Induction motor

An induction motor refers to a motor that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy by generating induced current through electromagnetic induction within the rotor. It belongs to asynchronous motors, and now asynchronous motors mainly refer to induction motors.

Induction motors do not require commutators and have low manufacturing costs and high reliability. They are widely used in electric vehicle drive motors. In the early days, traditional variable frequency and voltage (VVVF) control methods were used in the industrial field for asynchronous motors. Due to the nonlinear dynamic model of induction motors, vector control and some strategies were needed to achieve good control results.

Based on the characteristics of small size, lightweight, high torque at low speeds, and wide speed control range of induction motors, they have been applied very early in BEV drive motors. At the same time, they are sturdy, durable, and reliable in operation. They are also widely used in some large machine tools and other occasions, making them the primary choice for electric vehicle drive motors in European and American countries. However, compared to rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motors, their power density and operating efficiency are relatively low, and their larger size increases the weight of the vehicle body. Currently, there is a trend of being gradually replaced by permanent magnet synchronous motors.

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