What is the difference between new energy vehicle motors and industrial motors? (Above)

Overall, electric vehicle motors and industrial motors are both types of motors, and the theories and methods of classification and control are the same. Unlike industrial applications of electric motors, motors used in electric vehicles typically require frequent starting and stopping, fast dynamic response, low-speed constant torque operation with strong overload capacity, wide range of speed changes, and the ability to operate in four quadrants. While fully meeting the operational functions of the vehicle, they should also meet the comfort of driving and the ability to adapt to the environment.

The drivers used in electric vehicle motors differ significantly from those used in industrial motors in terms of size, working environment, reliability, power density, cooling methods, etc. The basic requirements for electric vehicle motor drive technology are summarized as follows:

1. Strict volume and weight requirements: As it is a vehicle mounted vehicle, this requirement is prominent. Ordinary industrial motors do not have such strict requirements for size and weight, and generally prioritize meeting industrial goals. Electric vehicles are different, and their size and weight determine the power performance and driving experience of the car, directly affecting the quality of the product. So, the difficulty of electric vehicle motors lies in improving power weight density and power volume density. The smaller, lighter, and more powerful the motor, the better.

2. Unique torque characteristics: When starting or at low speeds, ultra-high torque is required to pump the car speed up to the desired speed in a fast manner. Generally, industrial motors do not have such high starting speed requirements. At the same time, sufficient power needs to be provided at high speeds to allow the car to cruise at high speeds.

3. Wide speed range: High speed may be 4 times or even higher than the motor base speed. The current best solution for electric vehicles is to eliminate the need for a multi speed gearbox and only use a fixed gear set. Therefore, it is required that the wider the speed range of the motor, the better. Taking Tesla's Model S basic model as an example, the high RPM of the motor can reach 18000 rpm, which is quite frightening. This is a very big challenge for power electronic speed controllers.

4. Full range efficiency requirements: Unlike electric locomotives that are powered by pantographs, electric vehicles are powered by batteries, and the cruising range depends entirely on the efficiency of the motor. For every 1% increase in motor efficiency, the cruising range can correspondingly increase by 1%. So there is a high requirement for the efficiency of the motor. Being higher is victory, and every bit of energy needs to be optimized.

5. High reliability and stability in the operating environment of vehicles: Under all circumstances, it should be ensured to have a high degree of safety, especially controllability in failure modes.

6. Low noise: including electromagnetic noise and audio noise, meeting the needs of vehicle electromagnetic compatibility and driving comfort.

7. Reasonable cost: Cost has always been a major obstacle to the popularization of electric vehicles.

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