What is the difference between new energy vehicle motors and industrial motors? (Below)

The main indicators for evaluating a motor drive system include external characteristics (the relationship between large output torque and speed), constant power speed regulation range, efficiency distribution map of the drive system (not efficiency at a certain point, nor the efficiency of the individual motor body or controller), power density and torque density of the drive system, etc.

The following image clearly indicates the relevant differences between automotive motors and industrial motors:

Comparison of advantages and disadvantages of various new energy motors

As one of the three main components of new energy vehicles, the drive motor is the blood of electric vehicles. If the battery system is the blood of electric vehicles, the electronic control system is the brain of electric vehicles, then the motor system is the heart of electric vehicles. Replacing the engine with an electric motor in new energy vehicles and converting electrical energy into mechanical energy under the control of the motor controller is the only driving device for pure electric vehicles.

Survival of the fittest according to individual needs

At present, the classification of motors mainly includes four types: DC, AC induction, permanent magnet synchronous, and switched reluctance. Currently, permanent magnet synchronous is the mainstream type of motor due to its superior performance. The price of AC asynchronous motors is moderate, but their performance is slightly poor, and they are used by some manufacturers in the United States and China. The main advantage of switched reluctance motors lies in their lower price, but at the same time, there are also technical problems of noise and vibration. If these problems can be solved, switched reluctance motors will have a large market. At present, the driving motors suitable for new energy vehicles mainly include permanent magnet synchronous, AC asynchronous, and switched reluctance. Due to their different characteristics, each has its own application scenarios.

Permanent magnet synchronous motors have small size, light weight, high power density, high reliability, high speed regulation accuracy, and fast response speed; But z has lower power and higher cost. Due to the high power density of permanent magnet synchronous motors, their working efficiency can reach up to 97%, and they can output a large amount of power and acceleration for vehicles. Therefore, they are mainly used in new energy passenger vehicles that require a high energy to volume ratio.

Low price and reliable operation of AC asynchronous motors; However, its low power density, complex control, and small speed regulation range are inherent limitations. The price advantage makes it widely used in new energy buses.

Switched reluctance motor has low price, simple and reliable circuit, and wide speed range; But the vibration and noise are high, the control system is complex, and it will generate a large pulse current on the DC power supply, which is used in large passenger cars.

The driving motor of new energy vehicles is oriented towards: small and lightweight; Efficiency; Better torque characteristics; Long service life and high reliability; Low noise; The goal of low price development.

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